Equipment Sizing Estimate

BTU Calculator

Estimate residential cooling capacity, AC tonnage, and furnace size from the home and climate.

This is a rule-of-thumb estimate

Correct equipment sizing requires an ACCA Manual J load calculation. Oversizing causes short cycling and poor dehumidification. Ask a qualified contractor to run Manual J before selecting equipment.

Home Inputs

Colorado and similar areas, cold winters

Estimated Cooling Load
41,400 BTU/hr
3.45 tons, rounded to 3.5 tons

Nearest standard AC sizes: 3 ton and 3.5 ton

Estimated Heating Output Needed
90,000 BTU/hr

Required input at 95% AFUE: 94,737 BTU/hr. Nearest common input sizes: 80k and 100k

Furnace ratings are input BTU. Output BTU equals input multiplied by AFUE. Compare delivered output, not input alone.

Do not select equipment from this estimate alone.

Windows, orientation, infiltration, duct location, local design temperatures, and actual construction can materially change the load.

How BTU Sizing Works

BTU per hour measures heating or cooling capacity. This BTU calculator starts with square footage and a climate-zone rate, then adjusts for ceiling height, insulation, sun exposure, and cooling occupancy. It can serve as a quick furnace size calculator and AC tonnage calculator, but it cannot model the actual heat gain and heat loss of a home.

Why Bigger Is Not Better

Oversized cooling equipment runs short cycles, removes less moisture, creates temperature swings, and can wear components faster. Oversized furnaces can also cycle rapidly and create comfort problems. Manual J gives the design load needed for a defensible equipment selection.

Climate Zone Factors Used

ZoneDescriptionCooling BTU/sq. ft.Heating BTU/sq. ft.
1South Florida and Hawaii, very hot3030
2Gulf Coast and desert Southwest, hot2935
3Southeast and southern California, warm2740
4Mid-South and mixed climates2545
5Colorado and similar areas, cold winters2350
6Upper Midwest and northern New England, colder2155
7Northern Minnesota and Alaska, very cold2060

AC Tonnage Conversion

1.5 tons
18,000 BTU/hr
2 tons
24,000 BTU/hr
2.5 tons
30,000 BTU/hr
3 tons
36,000 BTU/hr
3.5 tons
42,000 BTU/hr
4 tons
48,000 BTU/hr
5 tons
60,000 BTU/hr

BTU Sizing Questions

Turn the final equipment choice into a clear estimate

Plenum Estimates helps contractors present approved equipment options and scope after the load calculation is complete.

See Estimates